How to Become a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Minnesota
To become a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) in Minnesota, you need a master's or doctoral degree in marriage and family therapy from an accredited program, complete 4,000 hours of post-graduate supervised experience (including 1,000 hours of direct clinical contact), and pass the national AMFTRB examination. The process typically takes 2-3 years after graduation, with Minnesota LMFTs earning a median salary of $72,370 annually.
Marriage and family therapists are state-licensed mental health professionals who provide evidence-based, solution-focused therapies for individuals, couples, and families. Unlike individual therapy, marriage and family therapy addresses relationship dynamics within the context of the family system, helping clients resolve conflicts, improve communication, and strengthen bonds.
Minnesota's licensed marriage and family therapists work in diverse settings throughout the state, including major health systems like Mayo Clinic in Rochester, governmental agencies like Central Minnesota Mental Health Center in Saint Cloud, and private mental health centers throughout the Twin Cities metro area. With strong job growth and competitive salaries, Minnesota offers excellent opportunities for aspiring LMFTs.
Suppose you want to learn how to become a marriage and family therapist in Minnesota. In that case, this comprehensive guide covers everything you need to know about education requirements, supervised experience, licensure exams, career outlook, and salary expectations.
Table of Contents
- Four Steps to Becoming an LMFT in Minnesota
- Step 1: Earn Your Graduate Degree
- Step 2: Complete 4,000 Hours of Supervised Experience
- Step 3: Pass the AMFTRB Examination
- Step 4: Apply for Minnesota Licensure
- Timeline: How Long Does It Take?
- LMFT Salary in Minnesota
- Career Outlook for Minnesota LMFTs
- LMFT vs Related Careers in Minnesota
- Frequently Asked Questions
Four Steps to Becoming an LMFT in Minnesota
The path to becoming a licensed marriage and family therapist in Minnesota involves four main steps:
- Earn a master's or doctoral degree in marriage and family therapy from an accredited program (typically 2-3 years)
- Complete 4,000 hours of post-graduate supervised experience, including 1,000 hours of direct clinical contact (typically 2-3 years)
- Pass the national AMFTRB examination, which tests your knowledge of MFT practice and ethics
- Apply for licensure through the Minnesota Board of Marriage and Family Therapy
The entire process from starting your graduate program to receiving your Minnesota LMFT license typically takes 4-6 years. Let's explore each step in detail.
Step 1: Earn Your Graduate Degree in Marriage and Family Therapy
To become an LMFT in Minnesota, you must earn a master's or doctoral degree in marriage and family therapy from a regionally accredited institution. While state law doesn't require the program itself to hold specialty accreditation, choosing an accredited program offers significant advantages for your career.
Why Program Accreditation Matters
Two agencies specialize in accrediting MFT graduate programs:
- Commission on Accreditation for Marriage and Family Therapy Education (COAMFTE) - The gold standard for MFT program accreditation, recognized nationwide
- Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) - Accredits counseling programs with MFT specializations
While Minnesota doesn't require specialty accreditation for licensure, graduating from a COAMFTE or CACREP-accredited program offers significant advantages. These programs meet national standards recognized across all states, which can streamline the process if you later pursue licensure in another state through endorsement or reciprocity.
Required Coursework
An accredited MFT graduate program includes comprehensive coursework in the following areas:
- Human development - Lifespan development, family life cycles, and developmental psychology
- Marital and family studies - Family systems theory, couple dynamics, and relational patterns
- Marital and family therapy - Evidence-based treatment approaches, therapeutic techniques, and intervention strategies
- Research methods - Research design, statistics, and evidence-based practice
- Professional studies - Ethics, legal issues, multicultural competence, and professional development
Practicum Requirements
Your graduate degree must also include a supervised practicum of at least 300 hours, with a minimum of 150 hours working directly with clients. This hands-on clinical experience gives you essential skills before entering your post-graduate supervised practice.
Online and Hybrid MFT Programs
Many aspiring therapists balance education with work and family responsibilities. Fortunately, accredited online and hybrid MFT programs offer flexible pathways to your degree. These programs typically include:
- Online coursework that you can complete on your schedule
- Virtual live classes for interaction with professors and peers
- Local practicum placements arranged near your home
- Occasional on-campus intensives for hands-on training
Alternative Pathway for Related Degree Holders
I suppose you currently hold a master's degree or higher in a related field such as psychology, social work, psychiatric nursing, or ministry. In that case, you may meet educational requirements through an alternative process. You'll need to complete a post-graduate training program in marriage and family therapy that covers the required curriculum areas listed above.
Learn more about Minnesota MFT degree programs and explore options that fit your schedule and career goals.
Step 2: Complete 4,000 Hours of Post-Graduate Supervised Experience
After graduating with your MFT degree, you must complete 4,000 hours of supervised experience before you can apply for full LMFT licensure in Minnesota. This extensive training period ensures you develop the clinical skills and professional judgment needed to practice independently.
Experience Requirements Breakdown
Your 4,000 hours must meet specific requirements set by the Minnesota Board of Marriage and Family Therapy:
- Minimum 1,000 hours of direct clinical contact - Face-to-face work with clients that includes assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental illness and cognitive, emotional, and behavioral disorders
- At least 500 hours with couples, families, or relational groups - Direct work with relationship dynamics, not just individual clients
- Regular supervision meetings - Both individual and group supervision from an approved clinical supervisor
- Diverse clinical experiences - Work with various populations, presenting problems, and treatment settings when possible
Finding Qualified Supervisors in Minnesota
Your clinical supervisor must be approved by the Minnesota Board of Marriage and Family Therapy. Approved supervisors are typically:
- Licensed Marriage and Family Therapists (LMFTs) with at least two years of post-licensure experience
- Other licensed mental health professionals approved by the Board
- Supervisors who have completed approved supervisor training
Many agencies and clinics in Minnesota employ approved supervisors and offer supervision as part of entry-level positions. You can also arrange private supervision if you work independently.
Timeline for Accumulating Hours
Most therapists complete their 4,000 hours over 2-3 years:
- Full-time clinical work (40 hours/week) - Approximately 2 years
- Part-time clinical work (20-25 hours/week) - Approximately 3-4 years
Keep detailed records of all your hours, client contacts, and supervision sessions. The Board requires comprehensive documentation when you apply for licensure.
Step 3: Pass the AMFTRB Examination
Once you've completed your supervised experience hours, you're ready to take the national licensure examination. Minnesota uses the exam developed by the Association of Marital & Family Therapy Regulatory Boards (AMFTRB).
About the AMFTRB Exam
The AMFTRB examination is a computer-based test that assesses your knowledge and skills in marriage and family therapy practice. The exam covers:
- Assessment and diagnosis of individuals, couples, and families
- Treatment planning and therapeutic interventions
- Professional ethics and legal responsibilities
- Diversity and cultural competence
- Family systems theory and relationship dynamics
Exam Preparation
Successful candidates typically spend 2-3 months preparing for the AMFTRB exam using:
- Official study guides and practice tests from AMFTRB
- Online review courses and study groups
- Review of coursework materials and clinical notes
- Practice with sample questions and time management
The AMFTRB exam has a pass rate of approximately 75-80% for first-time test takers who adequately prepare. If you don't pass on your first attempt, you can retake the exam after a waiting period.
Step 4: Apply for Minnesota Licensure
After passing the AMFTRB examination, you're ready to submit your application for Minnesota LMFT licensure to the Minnesota Board of Marriage and Family Therapy.
Application Requirements
Your licensure application must include:
- Completed application form
- Official transcripts showing your graduate degree
- Documentation of your 4,000 supervised experience hours
- Official AMFTRB exam score report showing a passing score
- Verification of any out-of-state licenses (if applicable)
- Application fee of $143.25
Important Timeline Notes
Minnesota law requires that you apply for initial licensure within six months of completing your post-graduate supervised experience. Don't delay your application, or you may need to complete additional requirements.
After Licensure
Once the Board approves your application and you receive your Minnesota LMFT license, you can practice independently as a marriage and family therapist. You'll need to renew your license every two years and complete continuing education requirements to maintain your license in good standing.
Timeline: How Long Does It Take to Become an LMFT in Minnesota?
Here's a realistic timeline for becoming a licensed marriage and family therapist in Minnesota:
| Phase | Duration | Key Milestones |
|---|---|---|
| Bachelor's Degree | 4 years | Complete undergraduate degree (psychology recommended but not required) |
| Master's/Doctoral Program | 2-3 years | Complete MFT coursework and 300-hour practicum |
| Supervised Experience | 2-3 years | Accumulate 4,000 supervised hours, including 1,000 clinical contact hours |
| Exam Preparation & Licensure | 3-6 months | Pass AMFTRB exam, submit application, receive license |
| Total Time | 8-11 years | From a bachelor's degree to independent LMFT practice |
If you already hold a bachelor's degree and enter an MFT graduate program, you can typically complete your training and become licensed in 4-6 years.
LMFT Salary in Minnesota
Minnesota offers competitive salaries for licensed marriage and family therapists. According to May 2024 data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Minnesota LMFTs earn significantly more than the national median.
Minnesota LMFT Salary Breakdown
| Salary Percentile | Minnesota Annual Salary | National Annual Salary |
|---|---|---|
| 10th Percentile (Entry Level) | $48,020 | $42,610 |
| 25th Percentile | $59,720 | $48,600 |
| Median (50th Percentile) | $72,370 | $63,780 |
| 75th Percentile | $82,870 | $85,020 |
| 90th Percentile (Experienced) | $99,130 | $111,610 |
Note: These salary figures are based on May 2024 Bureau of Labor Statistics data and are subject to annual revision. Actual salaries may vary based on experience, location, employer, and market conditions.
Factors Affecting LMFT Salaries in Minnesota
Your earning potential as an LMFT in Minnesota depends on several factors:
- Experience level - New LMFTs typically start around $48,000-$60,000, while experienced therapists can earn $80,000-$99,000+
- Geographic location - The Twin Cities metro area generally offers higher salaries than rural areas
- Work setting - Hospital systems and medical centers often pay more than community mental health centers or private practice.
- Specializations - LMFTs with specialized training in areas like trauma, substance abuse, or couples therapy may command higher rates
- Private practice - Established private practitioners can earn significantly more, but also have business expenses
Career Outlook for Minnesota LMFTs
The job market for marriage and family therapists in Minnesota is strong and growing. According to Minnesota labor market data, employment opportunities for LMFTs in the state are expanding faster than the national average.
Job Growth Projections
Between 2020 and 2030, the number of jobs for marriage and family therapists in Minnesota is projected to increase by 15%, according to current state labor market projections. These projections are subject to revision by state workforce agencies and may change based on economic conditions and healthcare policy developments. This growth reflects:
- Increased awareness and reduced stigma around mental health treatment
- Growing recognition of the importance of relationship and family dynamics in overall well-being
- Expanded insurance coverage for mental health services
- Rising demand for evidence-based, solution-focused therapies
During these ten years, Minnesota expects to see approximately 170 annual job openings in the profession due to a combination of new job growth, retirements, and natural job turnover. These workforce projections are periodically updated by Minnesota's Department of Employment and Economic Development and reflect conditions as of the most recent analysis.
Where Minnesota LMFTs Work
Licensed marriage and family therapists in Minnesota find employment in diverse settings, including:
- Healthcare systems - Mayo Clinic, M Health Fairview, Allina Health, and other major medical centers
- Community mental health centers - Organizations serving diverse populations across the state
- Private practice - Solo or group practices offering specialized therapy services
- Government agencies - County social services, family courts, and child welfare agencies
- Schools and universities - College counseling centers and K-12 school-based services
- Specialty treatment facilities - Substance abuse treatment centers, domestic violence programs, and trauma-focused services
LMFT vs Related Careers in Minnesota
If you're interested in mental health careers in Minnesota, it's helpful to understand how marriage and family therapy compares to related professions. Here's a comparison of Minnesota licensure requirements and salaries for common mental health careers:
| Career | Degree Required | Median Salary (MN) | Key Focus |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marriage & Family Therapist (LMFT) | Master's or Doctoral | $72,370 | Relationship dynamics and family systems |
| Clinical Psychologist | PhD or PsyD | $100,510 | Psychological assessment, diagnosis, and treatment |
| Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) | Master's | $49,530 | Mental health and substance abuse counseling |
| Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) | Master's (MSW) | $64,700 | Mental health treatment and social services |
Each career path offers unique opportunities and requires different training:
- Clinical psychologists require doctoral degrees and focus on psychological assessment and evidence-based treatment. Learn more about how to become a psychologist in Minnesota.
- Licensed counselors complete master's-level training with various specialty tracks. Explore how to become a licensed counselor in Minnesota.
- Clinical social workers earn MSW degrees and can provide therapy while also connecting clients to community resources. Discover how to become a social worker in Minnesota.
Frequently Asked Questions About Becoming an LMFT in Minnesota
How long does it take to become an LMFT in Minnesota?
The entire process typically takes 8-11 years from starting your bachelor's degree to receiving your LMFT license. This includes 4 years for your bachelor's degree, 2-3 years for your MFT graduate program, and 2-3 years to complete your 4,000 supervised experience hours. If you already have a bachelor's degree, you can become licensed in 4-6 years.
Can I complete my supervised hours part-time?
Yes, you can accumulate your 4,000 hours on either a full-time or part-time basis. Full-time clinical work (40 hours per week) allows you to complete hours in approximately 2 years, while a part-time job (20-25 hours per week) extends the timeline to 3-4 years. Many therapists work part-time while building their caseload or balancing other responsibilities.
What's the difference between an LMFT and an LPC in Minnesota?
While both are master's-level mental health professionals, LMFTs specialize in relationship dynamics and family systems. At the same time, Licensed Professional Counselors (LPCs) typically focus on individual mental health and substance abuse counseling. LMFTs receive specialized training in couples therapy and family interventions, making them particularly skilled at addressing relationship issues. Minnesota LMFTs also earn higher median salaries ($72,370 vs $49,530 for LPCCs).
Do I need to live in Minnesota to get licensed?
No, you don't need to be a Minnesota resident to apply for LMFT licensure in the state. However, you must complete your supervised experience hours under supervision approved by the Minnesota Board of Marriage and Family Therapy. If you're practicing in Minnesota, you must hold a Minnesota license regardless of where you live.
Can I practice in Minnesota with an out-of-state LMFT license?
Minnesota does not have automatic license reciprocity with other states. If you're licensed as an LMFT in another state and want to practice in Minnesota, you must apply for licensure by endorsement. This process typically requires submitting proof of your out-of-state license, education, supervised experience, and exam scores. The Minnesota Board evaluates each application individually.
How much does LMFT licensure cost in Minnesota?
The initial application fee for Minnesota LMFT licensure is $143.25. Additional costs throughout the process include graduate program tuition (which varies widely), AMFTRB exam fees (approximately $515), supervision costs during your supervised experience period (which also vary), and biennial license renewal fees. Budget several hundred to a few thousand dollars for the complete licensure process beyond your degree costs.
What settings do Minnesota LMFTs work in?
Minnesota LMFTs work in diverse settings, including major healthcare systems like Mayo Clinic, community mental health centers, private solo or group practices, government agencies, schools and universities, substance abuse treatment programs, and specialty services like domestic violence programs or family court services. The flexibility in work settings is one advantage of LMFT licensure.
Do online MFT programs meet Minnesota licensure requirements?
Yes, online and hybrid MFT programs can meet Minnesota's educational requirements as long as they're from regionally accredited institutions and include the required practicum hours. Many students in Minnesota complete accredited online MFT programs while working or managing family responsibilities. The key is ensuring the program covers all the necessary curriculum areas and provides adequate supervised clinical training.
What happens if I don't pass the AMFTRB exam on my first attempt?
If you don't pass the AMFTRB exam on your first attempt, you can retake it after a mandatory waiting period (typically 90 days). There's no limit to the number of times you can take the exam, though you must pay the exam fee each time. Most candidates who don't pass initially do so after additional preparation. Consider using AMFTRB study materials, joining a study group, or working with a test preparation coach if you need to retake the exam.
Key Takeaways
- Becoming an LMFT in Minnesota requires a master's or doctoral degree in MFT, 4,000 hours of supervised experience, and passing the national AMFTRB exam
- The complete process typically takes 4-6 years after earning your bachelor's degree
- Minnesota LMFTs earn a competitive median salary of $72,370 annually, which is $8,590 higher than the national median
- Job growth for Minnesota LMFTs is projected at 15% through 2030, creating approximately 170 annual job openings
- Online and hybrid MFT programs offer flexible pathways to your degree while maintaining quality accreditation
- Minnesota LMFTs work in diverse settings, from major healthcare systems to private practice, with strong career opportunities throughout the state
Ready to Start Your Journey to Becoming an LMFT in Minnesota?
Explore accredited marriage and family therapy programs that match your career goals and schedule.
2024 US Bureau of Labor Statistics salary figures and job growth projections for Marriage & Family Therapists are based on state and national data, not school-specific information. Conditions in your area may vary. Data accessed October 2025.
