Psychology Licensure Requirements by State: Complete Guide for 2025
All 50 states require psychologists to earn a doctoral degree (PhD or PsyD) from an APA-accredited program, complete 1,000-4,000 hours of supervised experience, and pass the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP). Specific requirements vary by state, with differences in supervision hours, additional exams, and specialized pathways for school psychologists.
Psychology Licensure Requirements by State: Complete Guide for 2025
Becoming a licensed psychologist requires meeting rigorous educational, experiential, and examination standards set by each state's psychology board. Professional psychologists are entrusted with the physical, emotional, and mental well-being of their clients, making proper qualification essential for providing effective diagnosis and treatment of various psychological, cognitive, and emotional conditions.
State licensure processes differ significantly across the country, with variations in supervised hours, examination requirements, and specific procedures. This comprehensive guide provides detailed licensure information for all 50 states, helping aspiring psychologists navigate the path to licensure in their chosen location.
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Detailed State Licensing Guides
The following states have comprehensive licensing information available on this page. Click any state name in the table above to jump directly to detailed requirements.
Alaska
The Alaska Board of Psychologists and Psychological Associate Examiners oversees psychology licensure in the state. Alaska requires all practicing psychologists to hold a doctoral degree and complete supervised postdoctoral experience before full licensure.
Education Requirements
To practice as a licensed psychologist in Alaska, you must earn a doctoral degree (Ph.D. or Psy.D.) in psychology from an institution with a program that meets criteria established by the Alaska Board. The program must be from an accredited educational institution recognized by national and regional accrediting agencies.
Supervised Experience Requirements
After completing your doctoral degree, you'll need to apply for a license as a psychological associate, which allows you to practice under the direct supervision of a licensed psychologist. The temporary psychological associate license is valid for two years and requires:
- At least one year (1,500 hours) of postdoctoral supervised experience
- A minimum of one hour per week of direct supervised experience with patients or clients
- Supervision must be provided by a licensed psychologist in Alaska
- A supervision plan must be included with your application
Examination Requirements
Alaska accepts passing scores from the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), administered by the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards (ASPPB).
Licensing Authority
For complete information on Alaska's psychology licensing process, contact the Alaska Board of Psychologist and Psychological Associate Examiners through the Alaska Department of Commerce, Community and Economic Development.
Psychology Careers in Alaska
As of May 2022, Alaska employed approximately 110 clinical and counseling psychologists with an annual mean wage of $99,880, and 60 school psychologists earning an average salary of $86,510. The state offers rewarding career opportunities for licensed psychologists in various clinical, educational, and community settings.
Arkansas
The Arkansas Board of Psychology Examiners regulates psychology licensure in the state. Arkansas maintains strict requirements to ensure only qualified professionals provide psychological services to patients and clients.
Education Requirements
To become a licensed psychologist in Arkansas, you must earn a doctoral degree (Ph.D. or Psy.D.) in psychology or a closely related field from a nationally or regionally accredited institution. The Arkansas Board of Psychology Examiners recommends programs accredited by the American Psychological Association or programs that meet their specific course requirements. The doctoral program must consist of at least 80 semester hours.
Supervised Experience Requirements
In addition to internship requirements completed during your doctoral program, Arkansas requires at least one additional year of supervised professional experience working under a licensed psychologist. This postdoctoral experience must include:
- Full 40-hour work weeks for a total of 2,000 hours
- Supervision provided by a licensed psychologist
- Completion within a maximum of four years
Examination Requirements
Arkansas requires the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), administered by the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards (ASPPB). The examination consists of 225 multiple-choice questions, with 175 scored items and 50 pretest items. You must apply through the Arkansas Board of Psychology to take the examination and pay the required ASPPB fee.
Licensing Authority
For complete information on Arkansas's psychology licensing process, contact the Arkansas Board of Psychology Examiners.
Psychology Careers in Arkansas
As of May 2022, Arkansas employed approximately 820 clinical, counseling, school, and other types of psychologists. These professionals earned annual average wages between $66,720 and $128,130, depending on specialty, with clinical and counseling psychologists on the higher end of the spectrum. Salary variations depend on experience level, location within the state, and employer pay scales.
The state offers 19 accredited schools with psychology programs, providing strong educational options for aspiring psychologists in Arkansas.
How to Become a Psychologist in Maine
Maine maintains a stable psychology workforce with approximately 30 clinical, counseling, and school psychologist job openings expected annually through 2030. The state's licensing board ensures that psychologists are properly qualified through rigorous educational, experience, and examination requirements.
Psychologists in Maine help patients suffering from mild to debilitating mental or emotional conditions. They assess patients, create comprehensive treatment plans, and monitor progress throughout the therapeutic process. The state's strict qualification standards protect patient well-being by ensuring only properly trained professionals receive licenses.
Education Requirements for Maine Psychologists
To obtain a psychology license in Maine, you must first graduate from a doctoral program in psychology or a closely related field. The educational institution must hold regional accreditation or approval from the American Psychological Association. Maine offers several excellent postgraduate programs, including those at the University of Maine.
Doctoral programs generally take between two and four years to complete, depending on your chosen area of specialization.
Supervised Experience Requirements in Maine
You'll need at least 2 years of supervised experience in psychology. One year may consist of an internship or supervised residency. The other year must be earned after obtaining your doctoral degree under the supervision of a board-approved licensed psychologist.
Examination Requirements for Maine Psychologists
Maine requires the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), the industry-standard multiple-choice test covering topics including bases of behavior, social impact on mental health, supervision, intervention, and diagnosis. You must achieve a scaled score of 500 or better to pass.
Psychology Career Outlook in Maine: The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that 460 clinical, counseling, school, and other types of psychologists worked in Maine as of May 2022, earning average salaries between $88,770 and $102,910 depending on specialty.
For more information: Visit the Maine Office of Professional and Occupational Regulation.
How to Become a Psychologist in Montana
Montana's psychology industry projects approximately 10% growth between 2020 and 2030, with about 20 new positions expected by the decade's end. While growth is modest, qualified psychologists should find employment opportunities with competitive pay and benefits throughout the state.
The Montana Board of Psychologists enforces strict requirements to ensure individuals earning licensure can handle the significant responsibility of caring for clients' mental health and well-being.
Education Requirements for Montana Psychologists
Individuals pursuing psychology licensure must earn a doctoral degree in clinical psychology from a university or college accredited by the American Psychological Association. School psychology candidates represent the exception to this rule and must obtain a master's degree in school psychology or complete an education specialist's course.
Most doctoral degree programs take between 3 and 7 years to complete and often include supervised residencies or internships.
Supervised Professional Experience in Montana
Montana requires 2 years of supervised experience, with one year being postdoctoral. This supervision period may not include more than 6 months of supervised research or teaching.
Examination Requirements for Montana Psychologists
Montana requires two examinations for licensure. The first is the nationally-recognized Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), administered by the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards. The second is an oral examination given by the Psychology Board, designed to test knowledge of Montana-specific ethics and various psychology topics.
Psychology Career Outlook in Montana: In May 2022, 440 clinical, counseling, school, and other types of psychologists worked in Montana, earning annual average wages between $70,820 and $83,080.
For more information: Visit the Montana Board of Psychologists.
How to Become a Psychologist in New Hampshire
Despite being one of the smallest states, New Hampshire offers strong job market prospects for psychologists. The New Hampshire Employment Security Department projects 9.7% growth in psychologist positions through 2030, creating new opportunities and competitive compensation as employers compete for qualified professionals.
New Hampshire's educational, experience, and examination requirements ensure psychologists can handle the responsibility of patients who may view their psychologist as their last hope for recovery and improved quality of life.
Education Requirements for New Hampshire Psychologists
Your first step toward becoming a psychologist in the Granite State is obtaining a doctoral degree from an institution accredited by the Association of Secondary Schools and Colleges or the American Psychological Association. State laws require the program to consist of at least three academic years of full-time graduate study.
New Hampshire offers several excellent doctoral programs in psychology, including those at the University of New Hampshire. Most postgraduate programs take between 2 and 4 years to complete, depending on your current education level and chosen program.
Supervised Professional Experience in New Hampshire
New Hampshire requires at least 2 years of supervised professional experience in your chosen psychology specialty. Each year must include 1,500 clock hours, completed within not less than 12 months and not more than 24 consecutive calendar months.
Examination Requirements for New Hampshire Psychologists
The only examination required by New Hampshire state law is the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), administered by the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards. This nationally-recognized test consists of 225 multiple-choice questions. The passing score for the pen-and-pencil EPPP is 70% or higher, while the computerized version requires a scaled score of 500 or better.
Psychology Career Outlook in New Hampshire: As of May 2022, 500 clinical, counseling, school, and other types of psychologists worked in New Hampshire, earning annual average wages between $76,870 and $113,050 depending on specialty.
For more information: Visit the New Hampshire Board of Mental Health Practice.
How to Become a Psychologist in New Mexico
The Land of Enchantment offers excellent opportunities for future psychologists. O*NET projects that New Mexico's clinical and counseling psychology sector will grow by 11% through 2030, slightly faster than the national rate. Professional psychologists in New Mexico can expect competitive pay and benefits.
New Mexico's rigorous requirements ensure that individuals gaining licensure possess the qualifications necessary to care for clients with mental health conditions ranging from mild to debilitating.
Education Requirements for New Mexico Psychologists
A doctoral degree from a psychology program accredited by the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards is required for licensure in New Mexico. Applicants must have majored in clinical, counseling, or school psychology and provide evidence to the board before license approval.
High-quality schools like New Mexico State University and the University of New Mexico offer excellent psychology programs. Individuals interested in becoming school psychologists need to obtain only a master's degree or an educational specialist degree from an accredited university.
Supervised Professional Experience in New Mexico
New Mexico law requires at least 2 years (3,000 hours) of supervised experience. This includes 1 year (1,500 hours) of predoctoral practicum overseen by the doctoral training program and 1 year (1,500 hours) of supervised postdoctoral psychology work. The board requires documentation of all pre- and postdoctoral experience by supervisors.
Examination Requirements for New Mexico Psychologists
New Mexico requires the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), administered by the ASPPB. Most people complete this exam in about 3 hours and 20 minutes.
The state also requires the Jurisprudence Examination, designed to test knowledge of the New Mexico Board of Ethics. The Board determines passing or failing for each completed exam rather than setting a predetermined passing score.
Psychology Career Outlook in New Mexico: As of May 2022, approximately 980 working psychologists practiced in New Mexico, with annual average wages ranging from $94,050 to $102,000 depending on specialty.
For more information: Visit the New Mexico Regulation and Licensing Department.
How to Become a Psychologist in North Dakota
Psychologists planning to practice in North Dakota's Great Plains can expect decent job market conditions. While the growth rate doesn't match some states, psychologists here earn competitive pay and should find employment opportunities.
North Dakota understands that clients' mental health and well-being often rest in their psychologist's hands, much like a patient's life rests in the hands of their surgeon during heart surgery. The state maintains strict requirements to ensure license holders possess proper qualifications and experience.
Education Requirements for North Dakota Psychologists
If you've enrolled in a doctoral program approved by the American Psychological Association, you're on the right track to becoming a psychologist in North Dakota. The state offers excellent programs, such as the Doctor of Philosophy in Clinical Psychology program at the University of North Dakota.
School psychologists represent the exception to this rule and must only gain a master's degree from a NASP-accredited program and complete a 1,200-hour internship.
Obtaining a doctoral degree can take anywhere from 3 to 7 years, depending on your current educational background and chosen program. Programs with hands-on experience, such as supervised residencies or internships, can count toward your supervised experience requirement.
Supervised Professional Experience in North Dakota
North Dakota requires two full years of supervised experience before applying for licensure. A supervised residency or internship may count as one of those years.
Examination Requirements for North Dakota Psychologists
North Dakota requires two separate tests for psychology licensure. The first is the industry-standard Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), covering academic topics such as behaviors, diagnosis, and intervention. The second is an oral examination administered by the North Dakota State Board of Psychologist Examiners, covering North Dakota-specific laws and ethics.
Psychology Career Outlook in North Dakota: The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports 150 clinical and counseling psychologists worked in North Dakota in May 2022, earning an annual mean wage of $112,640.
For more information: Visit the North Dakota State Board of Psychologist Examiners.
How to Become a Psychologist in Oklahoma
Psychologists planning to practice in Oklahoma will find favorable job market conditions. The Oklahoma Employment Security Commission expects the state's healthcare industry to grow by almost 40,000 employees by 2030, making job placement likely for qualified professionals who earn competitive pay.
Psychologists study the mind and human behavior to help individuals live healthy, happy lives. They assess and treat patients on an individual basis, carrying significant responsibility for their clients' health and well-being. Oklahoma ensures all psychologists meet strict requirements before receiving licensure.
Education Requirements for Oklahoma Psychologists
The Psychologists Licensing Act governs the required education for Oklahoma psychologists. This act requires individuals to complete a doctoral program that is accredited by the American Psychological Association and clearly labeled as a psychology program. Oklahoma offers several excellent postgraduate programs, including those at Oklahoma State University and the University of Oklahoma.
School psychologists planning to work in Oklahoma schools need only graduate from a regionally accredited or NASP-approved school psychology program, rather than earning a doctorate.
Most doctoral programs require an additional 3 to 5 years of study. Many include internships and supervised residencies that help accumulate the required supervised professional experience.
Supervised Professional Experience in Oklahoma
Oklahoma requires at least 2 years of postdoctoral experience in psychology. One of those years can be a predoctoral internship in clinical, counseling, or school psychology. Individuals must also have three academic years of study leading to the doctoral degree, including 2 years of full-time, on-campus graduate study, excluding internship.
Examination Requirements for Oklahoma Psychologists
Oklahoma requires three different examinations before issuing a license. The Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) is the standard psychology exam covering academic topics such as behavior basics, assessment and diagnosis, and intervention. It consists of 225 multiple-choice questions, and you must pass with a scaled score of 500 or better.
You must also take the Oklahoma Jurisprudence Examination with a score of 70% or better. This test covers psychology specifics within Oklahoma, including the code of ethics. Finally, you'll take an oral examination administered by the board.
Psychology Career Outlook in Oklahoma: The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports approximately 350 clinical and counseling psychologists worked in Oklahoma in May 2022, earning an annual median wage of $88,070.
For more information: Visit the Oklahoma Board of Examiners of Psychologists.
How to Become a Psychologist in South Dakota
South Dakota provides opportunities for psychologists to practice in a state with competitive salaries and reasonable job prospects. The state maintains rigorous standards to ensure psychologists can effectively care for clients' mental health needs.
Education Requirements for South Dakota Psychologists
South Dakota requires a doctoral degree (PhD or PsyD) from a regionally accredited program in psychology. The program must meet American Psychological Association standards for clinical, counseling, or school psychology training.
Doctoral programs typically require 2 to 4 years of study beyond the master's level and often include supervised internships or residencies that count toward experience requirements.
Supervised Professional Experience in South Dakota
Applicants must complete 1,800 hours of supervised professional experience. This experience must occur under the supervision of a licensed psychologist and include direct client contact, assessment, intervention, and consultation activities.
Examination Requirements for South Dakota Psychologists
South Dakota requires passing the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) with a scaled score of 500 or higher. This nationally-recognized exam covers fundamental psychology knowledge, including biological bases of behavior, cognitive-affective bases, social and cultural bases, assessment, treatment, and professional ethics.
For more information, contact the South Dakota Board of Examiners of Psychologists for specific application procedures and current requirements.
How to Become a Psychologist in Vermont
Vermont maintains a thriving job market for psychologists with competitive salaries. The Vermont Department of Labor projects 0.9% annual growth in psychology jobs through 2030. Those seeking psychology careers in Vermont should have good chances of finding employment after completing the state's strict qualification requirements.
Psychologists in Vermont serve as their clients' greatest allies in treating or managing mental illness. They spend extensive time assessing patients, researching, diagnosing, and creating individualized treatment plans. Vermont understands this massive responsibility and has established rigorous educational, experience, and examination requirements.
Education Requirements for Vermont Psychologists
The first step toward obtaining a psychology license in Vermont is graduating from a doctoral psychology program. Vermont offers several programs, including those at the University of Vermont.
Different programs take varying lengths of time to complete, but generally, a doctoral program lasts between 2 and 4 years. Many programs include supervised residencies or internships, which can help toward your supervised experience requirement.
Supervised Professional Experience in Vermont
Vermont requires at least 4,000 hours of supervised experience, with half earned while still in school. You must earn the remainder of your degree after obtaining your doctorate under the supervision of a licensed psychologist.
Examination Requirements for Vermont Psychologists
Vermont requires the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), administered by the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards. This nationally-recognized test consists of 225 multiple-choice questions. Individuals have 3 hours and 20 minutes to complete the test, and the ASPPB provides scores to the Vermont Board of Psychological Examiners.
Psychology Career Outlook in Vermont: The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that as of May 2022, approximately 350 clinical, counseling, school, and other types of psychologists worked in Vermont, earning annual average salaries between $78,460 and $91,240, depending on specialty.
For more information: Visit the Vermont Board of Psychological Examiners.
How to Become a Psychologist in Virginia
Virginia consistently ranks among the best states for business, thanks to its well-educated workforce, low unemployment rate, and population with higher-than-average disposable income. The state is home to over 3,500 psychologists who perform everything from clinical work to school counseling and beyond, offering excellent opportunities in this in-demand profession.
Before entering this field, you must meet the educational and experiential requirements set by the Virginia Department of Health Professions, Board of Psychology.
Education Requirements for Virginia Psychologists
To become a clinical psychologist in Virginia, you'll need a doctoral degree in clinical or counseling psychology. The Virginia Department of Health Professions, Board of Psychology requires applicants to complete a doctorate program at a regionally accredited school, while the program itself needs American Psychological Association accreditation.
Clinical psychologists work within inpatient facilities with patients suffering from severe and acute mental illnesses, assessing patients, providing appropriate therapeutic interventions, and monitoring progress.
If you earned a doctorate in psychology that's not APA-accredited, you'll need to provide proper documentation to the Board showing the program offers adequate education and training. The program must still be audited by a body recognized by the U.S. Department of Education or publicly recognized by the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada.
You must also complete practicum experiences in assessment and diagnosis, psychotherapy, consultation, and supervision as part of your doctorate program. The practicum must include at least nine graduate semester hours (or 15 or more quarter hours) to ensure a wide range of supervised training and experiential learning opportunities.
Applied psychologists in any capacity or school psychologists need only earn a master's in psychology with a corresponding focus from an APA-accredited program. Other experience and exam requirements also apply for licensure through the Virginia Board of Psychology.
Supervised Professional Experience in Virginia
You must complete a residency or internship of at least 1,500 hours that is Board-recognized by the Board. Submit a Registration of Residency Board Certification to the Board for approval before beginning your supervised field training. You cannot start tallying residency hours until you receive written Board approval.
After completing the required internship, submit the Verification of Post-Degree Supervision form to the Board.
Examination Requirements for Virginia Psychologists
After fulfilling education and experience requirements, the final step is achieving a passing score on the Examination for Professional Practice of Psychology (EPPP), administered by the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards.
You must first ensure that you meet the Board's requirements. Once the Board approves you, you'll receive an email with instructions on how to register for the exam. Upon registration, you'll receive an EPPP Authorization to Test email allowing you to schedule a testing time at a chosen Pearson VUE test site in Virginia.
Psychology Career Outlook in Virginia: BLS statistics show that psychologists in Virginia earn an average salary of $87,090, significantly higher than the national average. The Washington-Arlington-Alexandria metropolitan area has the highest employment level for psychologists in the state, with an average salary of $96,830.
For more information: Visit the Virginia Department of Health Professions, Board of Psychology.
How to Become a Psychologist in West Virginia
If you're considering learning and practicing psychology in the beautiful mountains of West Virginia, you'll be happy to know there's a decent job market. O*NET estimates the growth rate for clinical, counseling, and school psychology jobs between 2020 and 2030 at approximately 18%, meaning you'll haveprettyrly good shot at finding a job with competitive pay.
Psychologists play an essential role in treatment for many individuals suffering from mental illnesses. Many mental conditions can be debilitating, and mental health issues are the number one cause of disability in the US. Psychologists help their patients take back control of their lives by assessing and diagnosing mental conditions, prescribing treatment plans, and assisting patients in following those plans. West Virginia wants to ensure each licensed psychologist is appropriately qualified to care for those patients, requiring strict qualification standards.
Education Requirements for West Virginia Psychologists
If you've obtained a degree from a regionally accredited doctoral program, you're on the right track to becoming a psychologist in the Mountain State. West Virginia offers several excellent postgraduate programs, including those at Charleston University, Marshall University, and West Virginia University.
School psychologists represent the exception to the doctoral degree rule. You'll need to earn a bachelor's degree or Certificate of Advanced Study in a program with psychology as the core curriculum, then fulfill West Virginia's remaining requirements.
A doctoral degree can take anywhere from 2 to 4 additional years (after obtaining a master's degree) to earn. The length depends on your current education and chosen program. Many programs include internships or supervised residencies that count toward your supervised professional experience requirement.
Supervised Professional Experience in West Virginia
Applicants for licensure in West Virginia must complete either a one-year internship or a year of board-approved supervision after earning their degree. This internship or experience must take place under a board-approved psychologist, and at least 25% of the internship (500 hours) must involve direct contact with clients or a psychology setting. At least 2 hours per week must be face-to-face training from the licensed psychologist, and at least 2 hours per week must include additional educational resources such as seminars, conferences, or group experience.
Examination Requirements for West Virginia Psychologists
The final step in becoming a licensed psychologist in West Virginia is taking the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP). This industry-standard test covers a range of topics, including different bases of behavior, assessment, diagnosis, and intervention. It consists of 225 multiple-choice questions and is administered by the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards. The cost is about $600, though it's subject to change.
Psychology Career Outlook in West Virginia: The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that as of May 2022, approximately 1,210 clinical, counseling, school, and other types of psychologists worked in West Virginia, earning annual average wages between $56,720 and $ 72,720, depending on specialty.
For more information: Visit the West Virginia Board of Examiners of Psychologists.
Wyoming
The Wyoming Board of Psychology oversees psychology licensure in the state. Wyoming's Professions and Occupations Code establishes strict requirements to ensure licensed psychologists are highly qualified and ready to care for patients dealing with mental or emotional disorders.
Education Requirements
To become a licensed psychologist in Wyoming, you must earn a doctoral degree (Ph.D. or Psy.D.) in psychology from an educational institution approved by the Wyoming Board of Psychology. The University of Wyoming offers excellent doctoral programs for aspiring psychologists.
Exception for School Psychologists: Individuals performing duties as school psychologists may qualify with alternative educational credentials as approved by the Board.
Supervised Experience Requirements
Wyoming requires a minimum of 2 years of supervised professional experience. This experience may be completed before and after obtaining your doctoral degree, but must meet the following requirements:
- At least one year (1,500 clock hours) must be completed after earning your doctoral degree
- Hours must be uniformly distributed over not less than 12 months and not more than 24 months
- Experience must include either a postdoctoral training program registered with the Association of Psychology Postdoctoral and Internship Centers (APPIC), or postdoctoral work experience meeting Board-approved criteria
Examination Requirements
Wyoming requires the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), a nationally-recognized, 225-question, multiple-choice examination administered by the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards (ASPPB). The examination is offered at numerous testing sites throughout the country. Candidates must obtain a passing score, and results should be forwarded to the Wyoming Board of Psychology for review and approval.
Licensing Authority
For complete information on Wyoming's psychology licensing process, contact the Wyoming Board of Psychology.
Psychology Careers in Wyoming
As of May 2022, Wyoming employed approximately 110 clinical, counseling, school, and other types of psychologists. While Wyoming has a smaller psychology workforce compared to more populous states, licensed psychologists play a crucial role in providing mental health services across the state's rural and urban communities. Psychologists serve as vital allies in helping patients battle or manage mental and emotional disorders, requiring a sound foundation of education and supervised experience.
Frequently Asked Questions About Psychologist Licensure
Q: Do all states require a doctoral degree to become a licensed psychologist?
A: Yes, all 50 states require a doctoral degree (PhD or PsyD) from an APA-accredited program for clinical psychologist licensure. School psychologists may have different requirements in some states, where a master's degree or educational specialist degree may suffice.
Q: What is the EPPP, and is it required in all states?
A: The Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) is the standard licensing exam administered by the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards. Virtually all states require passing the EPPP with a scaled score of 500 or higher, though some states, like Illinois, use their own examinations.
Q: How many supervised hours do I need to become a licensed psychologist?
A: Supervised experience requirements vary significantly by state, ranging from 1,000 hours (Idaho) to 4,000 hours (Florida, Mississippi, Utah, Vermont). Most states require between 1,500 and 3,500 hours of supervised professional experience.
Q: Can I practice psychology with a master's degree?
A: In most states, you cannot practice as a licensed psychologist with only a master's degree. You can, however, work as a licensed professional counselor, mental health counselor, marriage and family therapist, or in school psychology roles (in some states) with a master's degree.
Q: Do I need to take additional state-specific exams besides the EPPP?
A: Many states require additional examinations beyond the EPPP. Common additional exams include state jurisprudence exams covering state-specific laws and ethics, oral examinations administered by the state board, and specialized state psychology law exams.
Q: How long does it take to become a licensed psychologist?
A: The timeline typically includes 4 years for a bachelor's degree, 2 to 3 years for a master's degree (often integrated into doctoral programs), 3 to 7 years for a doctoral degree, 1 to 2 years of postdoctoral supervised experience, and several months to prepare for and pass licensing exams. Total time ranges from 8 to 12 years after high school.
Q: Can I transfer my psychology license to another state?
A: Most states offer license reciprocity or endorsement for psychologists licensed in other jurisdictions, though requirements vary. You'll typically need to meet the new state's education and experience requirements and may need to pass additional state-specific examinations. Check with the destination state's psychology board for specific requirements.
Q: What's the difference between licensure for clinical psychologists and school psychologists?
A: Clinical psychologists generally require a doctoral degree and can practice independently in various settings. School psychologists may need only a master's degree or an educational specialist degree in some states, and typically work within educational settings. Licensing requirements, supervised hours, and examination requirements often differ between these two paths.
Q: Do I need malpractice insurance to practice as a licensed psychologist?
A: While not universally required by state law, malpractice insurance is strongly recommended and often required by employers, insurance panels, and professional organizations. Many state boards recommend or require proof of professional liability insurance as part of the application or renewal process.
Q: How often do I need to renew my psychology license?
A: License renewal periods vary by state, typically ranging from 1 to 3 years. Most states require continuing education credits (usually 20 to 40 hours per renewal period) to maintain licensure. Check your state board's website for specific renewal requirements and deadlines.
Key Takeaways
- All 50 states require a doctoral degree (PhD or PsyD) from an APA-accredited program for psychology licensure, with school psychologists sometimes having alternative pathways.
- Supervised experience requirements vary widely by state, ranging from 1,000 hours (Idaho) to 4,000 hours (Florida, Mississippi, Utah, Vermont), with most states requiring 1,500 to 3,500 hours.
- The Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) is required in nearly all states, with a minimum scaled score of 500 needed to pass.
- Many states require additional examinations beyond the EPPP, including state jurisprudence exams, oral examinations, and specialized state psychology law exams.
- The complete path to licensure typically takes 8 to 12 years after high school, including undergraduate education, graduate training, supervised experience, and passing required examinations.
- License reciprocity exists between many states, though additional requirements and examinations may apply when transferring licensure to a new jurisdiction.
Ready to Start Your Psychology Career?
Navigating state-specific licensure requirements is the first step toward your psychology career. With proper education, supervised experience, and examination preparation, you can join the thousands of licensed psychologists helping individuals improve their mental health and well-being across the United States.
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